Sniper rifle is also one of my favorite weapon in Day Z and I also found out that its damage decrease. I don't know if the zombie has high HP or def but maybe some sniper rifle are being nerf.
I think explosives and bombs can be crafted but still depend on the materials. And I usually used molotovs as my explosive but it only kills little amount number of zombies.
Probably yes, most of the buildings in Day Z are safezone but sometimes abandonned buidling are respawn spots of zombies so you should still be careful.